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LM317LMX Scheda tecnica(PDF) 10 Page - Texas Instruments

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Il numero della parte LM317LMX
Spiegazioni elettronici  3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator
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10
LM317L-N
SNVS775K – MARCH 2000 – REVISED APRIL 2016
www.ti.com
Product Folder Links: LM317L-N
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Copyright © 2000–2016, Texas Instruments Incorporated
7.3 Feature Description
7.3.1 Load Regulation
The LM317L-N is capable of providing extremely good load regulation but a few precautions are needed to
obtain maximum performance. The current set resistor connected between the adjustment terminal and the
output terminal (usually 240
Ω) must be tied directly to the output of the regulator rather than near the load. This
eliminates line drops from appearing effectively in series with the reference and degrading regulation. For
example, a 15-V regulator with 0.05-
Ω resistance between the regulator and load will have a load regulation due
to line resistance of 0.05
Ω × IL. If the set resistor is connected near the load the effective line resistance will be
0.05
Ω (1 + R2/R1) or in this case, 11.5 times worse.
Figure 14 shows the effect of resistance between the regulator and 240-
Ω set resistor.
With the TO-92 package, it is easy to minimize the resistance from the case to the set resistor, by using two
separate leads to the output pin. The ground of R2 can be returned near the ground of the load to provide
remote ground-sensing and improve load regulation.
Figure 14. Regulator With Line Resistance in Output Lead
7.4 Device Functional Modes
7.4.1 External Capacitors
An input bypass capacitor is recommended in case the regulator is more than 6 inches away from the usual large
filter capacitor. A 0.1-
μF disc or 1-μF solid tantalum on the input is suitable input bypassing for almost all
applications. The device is more sensitive to the absence of input bypassing when adjustment or output
capacitors are used, but the above values will eliminate the possibility of problems.
The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to ground on the LM317L-N to improve ripple rejection and noise. This
bypass capacitor prevents ripple and noise from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. With a 10-
μF
bypass capacitor 80-dB ripple rejection is obtainable at any output level. Increases over 10-
μF do not appreciably
improve the ripple rejection at frequencies above 120 Hz. If the bypass capacitor is used, it is sometimes
necessary to include protection diodes to prevent the capacitor from discharging through internal low current
paths and damaging the device.
In general, the best type of capacitors to use is solid tantalum. Solid tantalum capacitors have low impedance
even at high frequencies. Depending upon capacitor construction, it takes about 25
μF in aluminum electrolytic to
equal 1-
μF solid tantalum at high frequencies. Ceramic capacitors are also good at high frequencies; but some
types have a large decrease in capacitance at frequencies around 0.5 MHz. For this reason, a 0.01-
μF disc may
seem to work better than a 0.1-
μF disc as a bypass.
Although the LM317L-N is stable with no output capacitors, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external
capacitance can cause excessive ringing. This occurs with values between 500 pF and 5000 pF. A 1-
μF solid
tantalum (or 25-
μF aluminum electrolytic) on the output swamps this effect and insures stability.
7.4.2 Protection Diodes
When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to
prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Most 10-
μF capacitors have
low enough internal series resistance to deliver 20-A spikes when shorted. Although the surge is short, there is
enough energy to damage parts of the IC.


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