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MRF89XA Scheda tecnica(PDF) 91 Page - Microchip Technology

Il numero della parte MRF89XA
Spiegazioni elettronici  Ultra Low-Power, Integrated ISM BandSub-GHz Transceiver
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Produttore elettronici  MICROCHIP [Microchip Technology]
Homepage  http://www.microchip.com
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MRF89XA Scheda tecnica(HTML) 91 Page - Microchip Technology

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 2010-2017 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS70000622D-page 91
MRF89XA
3.13
Battery Power Management
Configuration Values
Battery life can be greatly extended in MRF89XA appli-
cations where transmissions from field nodes are infre-
quent,
or
network
communications
can
be
concentrated in periodic time slots. For example, field
nodes in many wireless alarm systems report opera-
tional status a few times a day, and can otherwise sleep
unless an alarm condition occurs. Sensor networks that
monitor parameters that change relatively slowly, such
as air and soil temperature in agricultural settings and
switching lights ON/OFF, only need to transmit
updates a few times per hour.
At room temperature, the MRF89XA draws a maximum
of 1 μA in Sleep mode, with a typical value of 100 nA.
To achieve minimum Sleep mode current, the SDI pin
(pin 17) and SCK pin (pin 18) must be held logic low,
while CSCON pin (pin 14), CSDAT pin (pin 15) and
SDO pin (pin 16) must be held logic high.
The MRF89XA can go from Sleep mode through
Standby mode and Synthesizer mode to Transmit (or
Receive) mode in less than 6 ms. For configuring and
driving the device different operating modes refer to
Table 2-3. At a data rate of 33.33 kbps, a 32-byte
packet with a 4-byte preamble and a 4-byte start pat-
tern takes about 10 ms to transmit. Assume that the
MRF89XA then switches to Receive mode for one sec-
ond to listen for a response and returns to Sleep mode.
On the basis of reporting every six hours, the ON to
Sleep duty cycle is about 1:21,259, greatly extending
battery life over continuous transmit-receive or even
standby operation.
The required timing accuracy for the microcontrollers in
a sleep-cycled application depends on several factors:
• The required “timestamp” accuracy of data
reported by sleeping field nodes. R-C Sleep mode
timers built into many microcontrollers have a tol-
erance of ±20% or more. For applications that
require more accurate timestamping, many micro-
controllers can run on a watch crystal during
Sleep mode and achieve timestamp accuracies
better than one second per 24 hours.
• If the base station and any routing nodes present
in a network must sleep cycle in addition to the
field nodes. Watch crystal control is usually
needed to keep all nodes accurately synchronized
to the active time slots.
• If the base station and any routing nodes present
in a network can operate continuously (AC pow-
ered, solar charged batteries), and a loose time
stamp accuracy is OK, the microcontrollers in
sleeping field nodes can usually operate from
internal low-accuracy R-C timers.
Therefore, as previously mentioned, Sleep mode is the
lowest power consumption mode in which the clock
and all functional blocks of the device are disabled. In
case of an interrupt, the device wakes up, switches to
Active mode and an interrupt signal generated on the
IRQ pin indicates the change in state to the host micro-
controller. The source of the interrupt can be
determined by reading the status word of the device.
To reduce current consumption, the MRF89XA
should be placed in the low-power consuming Sleep
mode. In Sleep mode, the 12.8 MHz main oscillator
is turned OFF, disabling the RF and baseband cir-
cuitry. Data is retained in the control and FIFO regis-
ters and the transceiver is accessible through the
SPI port. The MRF89XA does not enter Sleep mode
if any interrupt remains active, regardless of the
state of the CLKOCNTRL bit (CLKOUTREG<7>).
This way, the microcontroller can always have a
clock signal to process the interrupt. To prevent high-
current consumption, which results in shorter battery
life, it is highly recommended to process and clear
interrupts before entering Sleep mode. Unnecessary
functions should be turned off to avoid unwanted
interrupts. To minimize current consumption, the
MRF89XA supports different power-saving modes,
along with an integrated wake-up timer.
When switching from Sleep mode to Standby mode,
the crystal oscillator is active for no more than 5 ms.
Switching from Standby mode to Synthesizer mode,
the PLL locks in less than 0.5 ms. PLL lock can be mon-
itored on the PLOCK pin (pin 23) of the MRF89XA. The
radio can then be switched to either Transmit or
Receive mode. When switching from any other mode
back to Sleep mode, the device drops to its Sleep mode
current in less than 1 ms.
Note:
Many host microcontrollers cannot be
operated from the MRF89XA buffered
clock output if sleep cycling is planned. In
Sleep mode, the MRF89XA buffered clock
output is disabled, which disables the
microcontroller unless it is capable of
automatically switching to an internal
clock source when external clocking is
lost.


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