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MC33033P Scheda tecnica(PDF) 9 Page - ON Semiconductor

Il numero della parte MC33033P
Spiegazioni elettronici  BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR CONTROLLER
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Produttore elettronici  ONSEMI [ON Semiconductor]
Homepage  http://www.onsemi.com
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MC33033
9
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
INTRODUCTION
The MC33033 is one of a series of high performance
monolithic dc brushless motor controllers produced by
Motorola. It contains all of the functions required to
implement a limited–feature, open loop, three or four phase
motor control system. Constructed with Bipolar Analog
technology, it offers a high degree of performance and
ruggedness in hostile industrial environments.The MC33033
contains a rotor position decoder for proper commutation
sequencing, a temperature compensated reference capable
of supplying sensor power, a frequency programmable
sawtooth oscillator, a fully accessible error amplifier, a pulse
width modulator comparator, three open collector top drive
outputs, and three high current totem pole bottom driver
outputs ideally suited for driving power MOSFETs.
Included in the MC33033 are protective features
consisting of undervoltage lockout, cycle–by–cycle current
limiting with a latched shutdown mode, and internal thermal
shutdown.
Typical motor control functions include open loop speed
control, forward or reverse rotation, and run enable. In
addition, the MC33033 has a 60
°/120° select pin which
configures the rotor position decoder for either 60
° or 120°
sensor electrical phasing inputs.
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
A representative internal block diagram is shown in
Figure 18, with various applications shown in Figures 34, 36,
37, 41, 43, and 44. A discussion of the features and function
of each of the internal blocks given below and referenced to
Figures 18 and 36.
Rotor Position Decoder
An internal rotor position decoder monitors the three
sensor inputs (Pins 4, 5, 6) to provide the proper sequencing
of the top and bottom drive outputs. The Sensor Inputs are
designed to interface directly with open collector type Hall
Effect switches or opto slotted couplers. Internal pull–up
resistors are included to minimize the required number of
external components. The inputs are TTL compatible, with
their thresholds typically at 2.2 V. The MC33033 series is
designed to control three phase motors and operate with four
of the most common conventions of sensor phasing. A
60
°/120° Select (Pin 18) is conveniently provided which
affords the MC33033 to configure itself to control motors
having either 60
°, 120°, 240° or 300° electrical sensor
phasing. With three Sensor Inputs there are eight possible
input code combinations, six of which are valid rotor
positions. The remaining two codes are invalid and are
usually caused by an open or shorted sensor line. With six
valid input codes, the decoder can resolve the motor rotor
position to within a window of 60 electrical degrees.
The Forward/Reverse input (Pin 3) is used to change the
direction of motor rotation by reversing the voltage across the
stator winding. When the input changes state, from high to
low with a given sensor input code (for example 100), the
enabled top and bottom drive outputs with the same alpha
designation are exchanged (AT to AB, BT to BB, CT to CB). In
effect the commutation sequence is reversed and the motor
changes directional rotation.
Motor on/off control is accomplished by the Output Enable
(Pin19). When left disconnected, an internal pull–up resistor
to a positive source enables sequencing of the top and
bottom drive outputs. When grounded, the Top Drive Outputs
turn off and the bottom drives are forced low, causing the
motor to coast.
The commutation logic truth table is shown in Figure 19. In
half wave motor drive applications, the Top Drive Outputs are
not required and are typically left disconnected.
Error Amplifier
A high performance, fully compensated Error Amplifier
with access to both inputs and output (Pins 9, 10, 11) is
provided to facilitate the implementation of closed loop motor
speed control. The amplifier features a typical dc voltage gain
of 80 dB, 0.6 MHz gain bandwidth, and a wide input common
mode voltage range that extends from ground to Vref. In most
open loop speed control applications, the amplifier is
configured as a unity gain voltage follower with the
Noninverting Input connected to the speed set voltage
source. Additional configurations are shown in Figures 29
through 33.
Oscillator
The frequency of the internal ramp oscillator is
programmed by the values selected for timing components
RT and CT. Capacitor CT is charged from the Reference
Output (Pin 7) through resistor RT and discharged by an
internal discharge transistor. The ramp peak and valley
voltages are typically 4.1 V and 1.5 V respectively. To provide
a good compromise between audible noise and output
switching efficiency, an oscillator frequency in the range of 20
to 30 kHz is recommended. Refer to Figure 1 for component
selection.
Pulse Width Modulator
The use of pulse width modulation provides an energy
efficient method of controlling the motor speed by varying the
average voltage applied to each stator winding during the
commutation sequence. As CT discharges, the oscillator sets
both latches, allowing conduction of the Top and Bottom
Drive Outputs. The PWM comparator resets the upper latch,
terminating the Bottom Drive Output conduction when the
positive–going ramp of CT becomes greater than the Error
Amplifier output. The pulse width modulator timing diagram is
shown in Figure 20. Pulse width modulation for speed control
appears only at the Bottom Drive Outputs.
Current Limit
Continuous operation of a motor that is severely
over–loaded results in overheating and eventual failure.
This destructive condition can best be prevented with the
use of cycle–by–cycle current limiting. That is, each
on–cycle is treated as a separate event. Cycle–by–cycle
current limiting is accomplished by monitoring the stator
current build–up each time an output switch conducts, and
upon sensing an over current condition, immediately turning
off the switch and holding it off for the remaining duration of


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